{"id":3644,"date":"2011-03-25T17:38:35","date_gmt":"2011-03-25T15:38:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stalnuhhin.ee\/?p=3644"},"modified":"2023-01-25T06:33:27","modified_gmt":"2023-01-25T04:33:27","slug":"%d0%be%d1%82%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d0%b0%d1%84%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stalnuhhin.ee\/?p=3644","title":{"rendered":"\u041e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u044f \u0410\u0444\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0412 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u0444\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d \u2013 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u044b. \u041b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c, \u0432 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0421\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0431\u044e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0443\u0440\u043d\u0443\u2026 \u041f\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438! \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e-\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c\u0443.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0447\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041f\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u044b\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c \u00ab\u0427\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435?\u00bb \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445. \u00ab\u0425\u043e\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u2026\u00bb — \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b \u044f \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0443\u043a \u0432 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u0441 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u044e. \u00ab\u0417\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e?\u00bb — \u043f\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u044b\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439. \u00ab\u041d\u0443, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0437\u0430 \u2026\u00bb — \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b \u044f \u0444\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438\u044e. \u041a\u0443\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440 \u043a\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0443\u043b \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n

\u0422\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e, \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0427\u0442\u043e \u044f \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e? \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0433\u0434\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u044f. \u041d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e, \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u044b\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0451 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0438\u0437\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u044f\u0449\u0438\u043a, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443. \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u0435\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u044e \u043f\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435. \u041d\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u044b\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0441.<\/p>\n

\u041a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0451 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044f \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u2013 \u0433\u0434\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f? \u0410 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f? \u0422\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u2013 \u0430\u0444\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044f \u042d\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f?<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0414\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430 \u0432 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0434, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0420\u0438\u0439\u0433\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0443, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c. \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0442\u043e, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c. \u0427\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n

Riigikohus 24. m\u00e4rts 2011 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Lossi 17 <\/strong><\/p>\n

50093 TARTU <\/strong><\/p>\n

E-post: info@riigikohus.ee <\/strong><\/p>\n

Vabariigi Valimiskomisjoni kaudu <\/strong><\/p>\n

Lossi plats 1A <\/strong><\/p>\n

15181 Tallinn <\/strong><\/p>\n

info@vvk.ee <\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaebuse esitaja: MT\u00dc Eesti Keskerakond <\/strong><\/p>\n

Registrikood 80053370<\/p>\n

Toom-R\u00fc\u00fctli 3\/5<\/p>\n

10130 Tallinn<\/p>\n

KAEBUS <\/strong><\/p>\n

Vabariigi Valimiskomisjoni 24. m\u00e4rtsi 2011 toimingu, millega Vabariigi Valimiskomisjon registreeris XII Riigikogu liikmed ja asendusliikmete nimekirja, seadusvastaseks tunnistamiseks ning Eesti Vabariigis h\u00e4\u00e4letamistulemuse kehtetuks tunnistamiseks <\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00e4esolevaga esitab MT\u00dc Eesti Keskerakond (edaspidi nimetatud kaebuse esitaja) kaebuse Vabariigi Valimiskomisjoni (edaspidi nimetatud VVK) 24. m\u00e4rtsi 2011 toimingu, millega VVK registreeris XII Riigikogu liikmed ja asendusliikmete nimekirja, seadusvastaseks tunnistamiseks ning Eesti Vabariigis h\u00e4\u00e4letamistulemuse kehtetuks tunnistamiseks seoses Riigikogu valimiste seaduse (edaspidi nimetatud RKVS) \u00a7 1 lg 2 rikkumisega.<\/p>\n

Kaebuse esitamisel peab kaebuse esitaja vajalikuks allj\u00e4rgnevat k\u00e4sitlust.<\/p>\n

1. Faktilised asjaolud <\/strong><\/p>\n

1.1. 24. veebruarist 2011 kuni 2. m\u00e4rtsini 2011 oli v\u00f5imalik valida Riigikogu e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise teel, kasutades selleks valijarakenduse nime kandvat programmi.<\/p>\n

1.2. 5. m\u00e4rtsil 2011 esitas P. Pihelgas VVK-le kaebuse, milles avaldas soovi, et VVK kaaluks Riigikogu 2011 valimistel elektrooniliselt antud h\u00e4\u00e4lte t\u00fchistamist.<\/p>\n

8. m\u00e4rtsil 2011 esitas P. Pihelgas VVK-le t\u00e4iendava kaebuse, milles palus t\u00fchistada Riigikogu 2011 valimistel elektrooniliselt antud h\u00e4\u00e4led, sest elektrooniline h\u00e4\u00e4letamine korraldati ebaturvalisel moel.<\/p>\n

1.3. P. Pihelga argumentatsioon elektrooniliselt antud h\u00e4\u00e4lte t\u00fchistamise n\u00f5udmisel oli allj\u00e4rgnev:<\/p>\n

a) Asjast huvitatud isik v\u00f5ib h\u00f5lpsasti paigutada valija arvutisse tarkvara, mis teeb kindlaks valija isiku ja tema poolt antud h\u00e4\u00e4le sisu ning edastab nimetatud informatsiooni huvitatud isikule;<\/p>\n

b) P. Pihelgas demonstreeris nii s\u00f5ltumatutele OSCE\/ODIHR vaatlejatele kui ka ETV saate Pealtn\u00e4gija v\u00f5ttegrupile reaalselt olemasoleva programmi (viiruse) t\u00f6\u00f6d, mille arvutisse paigutamisel saadeti valijarakenduse kaudu VVK-le vaid selline e-h\u00e4\u00e4l, mille programm oli heaks kiitnud. Seega blokeeris programm k\u00f5ikide nende h\u00e4\u00e4lte edastamise VVK-le, mille edastamist programmi looja soovis takistada;<\/p>\n

c) P. Pihelgas\u2019e poolt demonstreeritud programmi rakendamisel ei j\u00f5udnud valija h\u00e4\u00e4l VVK-le vaatamata sellele, et valijarakendus teavitas valijat, et tema h\u00e4\u00e4l on VVK-le edastatud;<\/p>\n

d) Programmi katsetamise j\u00e4rel kinnitas VVK elektroonilise h\u00e4\u00e4letamise projektijuht, et kirjeldatud r\u00fcnne j\u00e4\u00e4b VVK-l valijarakenduse sisse ehitatud kaitsemeetmetel tuvastamata;<\/p>\n

e) P. Pihelgas tugines oma kaebuses RKVS \u00a7 44 lg 5 rikkumisele, mille kohaselt valija saab veebilehel teate h\u00e4\u00e4le vastuv\u00f5tmise kohta. Reaalselt on aga v\u00f5imalik, et h\u00e4\u00e4lt ei ole VVK-le edastatud, kuigi eelnimetatud teade valijale kuvatakse.<\/p>\n

1.4. Eeltoodust tulenevalt on P. Pihelgas\u2019e poolt t\u00f5endatud, et e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise tarbeks loodud valijarakendus on h\u00f5lpsasti manipuleeritav selliselt, et ei h\u00e4\u00e4letaja ega ka VVK ei saa manipuleerimisest mitte mingilgi viisil teada. Samuti on oluliselt ohustatud RKVS \u00a7 1 lg-s 2 s\u00e4testatud h\u00e4\u00e4letamise salajasuse n\u00f5ue.<\/p>\n

1.5. Kuna programm blokeerib \u201esobimatu\u201c kandidaadi poolt h\u00e4\u00e4le edastamise VVK-le, samal ajal valijale n\u00e4idates, et h\u00e4\u00e4l on VVK-le edastatud, ei saagi e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise manipulatsioon sellest huvitatud isiku poolt \u00fcldse v\u00e4lja tulla, sest VVK-le, kes peab tagama valimistulemuste usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rsuse ja k\u00f5ikide antud h\u00e4\u00e4lte valimistulemuste kindlakstegemisel arvesse v\u00f5tmise, ei j\u00f5ua h\u00e4\u00e4l ega ka info h\u00e4\u00e4le blokeerimise kohta.<\/p>\n

1.6. Riigikohtu P\u00f5hiseaduslikkuse j\u00e4relevalve kolleegium (edaspidi nimetatud kolleegium) tegi 21. m\u00e4rtsil 2011 P. Pihelgas\u2019e kaebuse osas kohtuasjas nr 3-4-1-<\/p>\n

4-11 otsuse, millega j\u00e4ttis kaebuse rahuldamata p\u00f5hjusel, et P. Pihelgas teadis enda poolt korraldatud eksperimendi korras tema poolt antava h\u00e4\u00e4lega manipuleerimisest, mist\u00f5ttu ei rikutud nimetatud eksperimendiga tema valija\u00f5igust.<\/p>\n

1.7. Oma otsuses leidis kolleegium, et v\u00f5ttes arvesse elektrooniliselt antud h\u00e4\u00e4lte osakaalu Riigikogu valimistel, v\u00f5ivad rikkumised elektroonilisel h\u00e4\u00e4letamisel m\u00f5jutada valimiste tulemust oluliselt, mist\u00f5ttu on \u00f5igusrikkumise tuvastamise korral P\u00f5hiseaduslikkuse j\u00e4relevalve kohtumenetluse seaduse (edaspidi PSJKS) \u00a7 42 lg 2 j\u00e4rgi Riigikohtul v\u00f5imalik kogu riigis h\u00e4\u00e4letamistulemused kehtetuks tunnistada.<\/p>\n

1.8. Samuti m\u00e4rkis kolleegium, et kui valija saab RKVS \u00a7 44 lg-s 5 nimetatud teate, mis vastab tema tegelikult antud h\u00e4\u00e4lele, kuid tegelikult antud h\u00e4\u00e4l ei j\u00f5ua VVK-ni, siis on tegemist P\u00f5hiseaduse \u00a7 56 p-s 1 ja \u00a7 57 lg-s 1 tagatud subjektiivse valimis\u00f5iguse rikkumisega. Kui elektroonilise h\u00e4\u00e4letamise s\u00fcsteem ei v\u00f5imalda valijal anda h\u00e4\u00e4lt kandidaadile, kellele ta soovis h\u00e4\u00e4le anda, ega teata h\u00e4\u00e4le andmise v\u00f5imatusest valijale, siis on tegemist subjektiivse valimis\u00f5iguse rikkumisega. Kolleegiumi hinnangul saab h\u00e4\u00e4letamistulemuste kehtetuks tunnistamine toimuda vaid \u00f5iguste tuvastatud rikkumise korral, mitte selle h\u00fcpoteetilise v\u00f5imaluse korral.<\/p>\n

1.9. Lisaks \u00fclaltoodud probleemidele seoses e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise ebaturvalisuse, kontrollimatuse ja ohuga salajasusele, oli e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamisel t\u00e4iendavaks probleemiks asjaolu, et valijarakendus ei kuvanud teatavate operatsioonis\u00fcsteemide, resolutsioonide ja kirjaviiside puhul k\u00f5ikide kandidaatide nimesid. Nimetatud k\u00fcsimuses esitas VVK-le ja Riigikohtule kaebuse H. P\u00f5lluaas, kelle kaebus tagastati l\u00e4bivaatamatult.<\/p>\n

2. Vabariigi Valimiskomisjoni \u00f5igusrikkumised <\/strong><\/p>\n

2.1. RKVS \u00a7 1 lg 2 s\u00e4testab, et riigikogu liikmete valimised on vabad, \u00fcldised, \u00fchetaolised ja otsesed. H\u00e4\u00e4letamine on salajane. Demokraatliku \u00fchiskonna \u00fcldprintsiipide kohaselt peavad valimised olema l\u00e4bi viidud ausalt, usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rselt ja kontrollitavalt selliselt, et valimiste k\u00e4igus oleksid t\u00e4idetud RKVS \u00a7 1 lg-s 2 s\u00e4testatud tingimused.<\/p>\n

2.2. 2011. aasta Riigikogu valimistel oli v\u00f5imalik anda oma h\u00e4\u00e4l e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise k\u00e4igus. Ainu\u00fcksi asjaolu, et riik oma kodanikele sellise v\u00f5imaluse oma h\u00e4\u00e4le andmiseks annab, t\u00e4hendab oma sisus riigi avaldust, et h\u00e4\u00e4letamistulemuse ja valija h\u00e4\u00e4le arvesse minemise seisukohalt vaadelduna ei ole mingisugust vahet, kas isik annab oma h\u00e4\u00e4le e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise k\u00e4igus v\u00f5i valmisp\u00e4eval oma valimisjaoskonnas h\u00e4\u00e4letades.<\/p>\n

2.3. Nagu n\u00e4htub k\u00e4esoleva kaebuse punktis 1 nimetatud asjaoludest ja viidatud materjalidest, oli e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rsuse tagamise koormus pandud 100%-liselt valija kanda. See v\u00e4ljendus asjaolus, et valijarakenduses puudusid mis tahes turvalisust tagavad mehhanismid olukorraks, milles valija arvutis, mille kaudu valija l\u00e4bi valijarakenduse oma h\u00e4\u00e4lt andis, olnuks P. Pihelgas\u2019e poolt demonstreeritud programmiga analoogne programm, mis selekteerib kas ja millised h\u00e4\u00e4led VVK-le edastada.<\/p>\n

2.4. Kui riik k\u00e4ituks sarnase loogika j\u00e4rgi ka tavavalimise puhul, piisaks piltlikult \u00f6eldes sellest, et riigis oleks tihedamalt asustatud kohtadesse valimisp\u00e4eva hommikul paigaldatud ilma igasuguse j\u00e4relevalveta kastid, kuhu valijad saaksid oma h\u00e4\u00e4lt v\u00e4ljendavad paberilehed tuua. Riigikohtu poolt kohtuasjas nr 3-4-1-4-11 v\u00e4ljendatud seisukoha kohaselt ei oleks ka sellisel viisil h\u00e4\u00e4letamise korraldamise puhul alust valimistulemusi t\u00fchistada enne, kui on t\u00f5endatud, et keegi on \u00fchest eelnimetatud h\u00fcpoteetilisest valimiskastist m\u00f5ned sedelid eemaldanud.<\/p>\n

2.5. Kaebuse esitaja on seisukohal, et demokraatliku riigi \u00fcheks \u00fclesandeks on tagada k\u00f5ige laiemas m\u00f5ttes demokraatlike valimiste korraldamine ja l\u00e4biviimine, mis kahtlemata sisaldab n\u00f5uet tagada valimiste usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rsus ja kontrollitavus. Olukorras, kus valimiste l\u00e4biviimise protseduuri puuduse t\u00f5ttu puudub riigil kontroll ja informatsioon isegi selle kohta, kas valija poolt antud h\u00e4\u00e4l on \u00fcldse antud ja kas see j\u00f5udis v\u00f5i ei j\u00f5udnud valimiskomisjonini, ei saa r\u00e4\u00e4kida demokraatlikke p\u00f5him\u00f5tteid j\u00e4rgivate valimiste l\u00e4biviimisest ning nimetatud p\u00f5hjusel ei saa kinnitada 2011. aasta Riigikogu valimiste tulemusi.<\/p>\n

2.6. E-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise ja valmisp\u00e4eval valimisjaoskonnas l\u00e4biviidud h\u00e4\u00e4letamise korralduse ja selle aluseks olevate printsiipide vahel oli diametraalne erinevus. Valimisjaoskonnas h\u00e4\u00e4letamise l\u00e4biviimine on reguleeritud detailselt RKVS 7. peat\u00fckis alates n\u00f5uetest h\u00e4\u00e4letamisruumile, -kabiinile, -kastile, -sedelile kuni h\u00e4\u00e4letamissedeli kokkumurdmiseni valija poolt peale selle t\u00e4itmist ning jaoskonnakomisjoni liikmele tembeldamiseks andmiseni, mis on reguleeritud VVK 01.01.2011 m\u00e4\u00e4ruses \u201eH\u00e4\u00e4letamise korraldamise ning h\u00e4\u00e4letamis- ja valimistulemuste kindlakstegemise kord Riigikogu valimistel\u201c.<\/p>\n

2.7. On ilmne, et h\u00e4\u00e4letamisprotseduuri detailne \u00f5igusaktidega reguleerimine kannab vaid \u00fcht \u00fcldist eesm\u00e4rki \u2013 tagada h\u00e4\u00e4letamistulemuste usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rsus ja vastavus valijate poolt tegelikult antud h\u00e4\u00e4ltele. Kogu h\u00e4\u00e4letamisprotseduur valimisjaoskonnas on \u00fcles ehitatud eesm\u00e4rgiga tagada riigi kontroll ja informeeritus h\u00e4\u00e4letamisruumis toimuva \u00fcle.<\/p>\n

2.8. Ei ole m\u00f5eldav, et valimisjaoskonnas viibib h\u00e4\u00e4letamiskabiini ja h\u00e4\u00e4letamiskasti vahel isik, kes h\u00e4\u00e4letaja ja valimiskomisjoni teadmata eemaldab valija poolt antud h\u00e4\u00e4le. Selline v\u00f5imalus on protseduurireeglitega t\u00e4ielikult v\u00e4listatud.<\/p>\n

2.9. Paraku on aga e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise puhul selline v\u00f5imalus VVK poolt valijarakendusse sisse kirjutatud, mis t\u00e4hendab, et e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise tulemus ei ole usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rne ega kontrollitav ning e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise protseduur ei ole ligil\u00e4hedaseltki \u00fchetaoline valimisjaoskonnas h\u00e4\u00e4letamise protseduuriga.<\/p>\n

2.10. E-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise l\u00e4biviimiseks on loodud s\u00fcsteem, mis esiteks v\u00f5imaldab h\u00f5lpsasti valimistulemusi manipuleerida (nimetatud asjaolu on demonstreeritud) ning teiseks on oma \u00fclesehituselt loodud selline, et valimistulemustega manipuleerimise avastamine on v\u00e4listatud, ei saa tagada \u00f5iget, usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rset ega kontrollitavat valimistulemust.<\/p>\n

2.11. L\u00e4htudes \u00fclaltoodust on VVK 2011. aasta Riigikogu valimiste l\u00e4biviimisel rikkunud RKVS \u00a7 1 lg-s 2 s\u00e4testatud Riigikogu liikmete valimise \u00fchetaolisuse p\u00f5him\u00f5tet, mist\u00f5ttu tuleb h\u00e4\u00e4letamistulemused PSJK \u00a7 42 lg 2 alusel kehtetuks tunnistada, sest VVK poolt valimiste l\u00e4biviimisel toimepandud \u00f5igusrikkumised m\u00f5jutasid v\u00f5i v\u00f5isid m\u00f5jutada oluliselt h\u00e4\u00e4letamistulemust.<\/p>\n

3. Kaebuse esitaja \u00f5iguste rikkumine <\/strong><\/p>\n

3.1. Kaebuse esitaja on 2011 Riigikogu valimistel osalev erakond. RKVS \u00a7 72 lg 1 m\u00f5ttes on kaebuse esitaja n\u00e4ol tegemist huvitatud isikuga.<\/p>\n

3.2. RKVS \u00a7 72 lg 1 s\u00e4testab, et kui huvitatud isik leiab, et jaoskonnakomisjoni toiminguga, maakonna valimiskomisjoni otsuse v\u00f5i toiminguga v\u00f5i Vabariigi Valimiskomisjoni otsuse v\u00f5i toiminguga rikutakse tema \u00f5igusi, v\u00f5ib ta esitada p\u00f5hiseaduslikkuse j\u00e4relevalve kohtumenetluse seaduses etten\u00e4htud korras kaebuse Riigikohtule.<\/p>\n

3.3. P\u00f5hiseaduslikkuse j\u00e4relevalve kohtumenetluse seaduse (edaspidi nimetatud PJKS) \u00a7 37 lg 1 s\u00e4testab, et erakond, valimisliit v\u00f5i isik, kes leiab, et valimiskomisjoni otsuse v\u00f5i toiminguga on rikutud tema \u00f5igusi, v\u00f5ib esitada Riigikohtule taotluse t\u00fchistada valimiskomisjoni otsus v\u00f5i tunnistada valimiskomisjoni toiming \u00f5igusvastaseks ja tunnistada h\u00e4\u00e4letamistulemus valimisjaoskonnas, valimisringkonnas, vallas, linnas, maakonnas v\u00f5i riigis kehtetuks.<\/p>\n

3.4. K\u00e4esolevaga kaebuse esitaja teatab, et ta leiab PJKS \u00a7 37 lg 1 m\u00f5ttes, et vaidlustatud otsused rikuvad tema \u00f5igusi.<\/p>\n

3.5. Kaebuse esitaja on seisukohal, et VVK vaidlustatud toimingud Riigikogu valimiste l\u00e4biviimisel ja eelk\u00f5ige e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamise puudulik korraldus, mille t\u00f5ttu ei ole valimistulemus ei kontrollitav ega usaldusv\u00e4\u00e4rne, m\u00f5jutavad v\u00f5i v\u00f5ivad oluliselt m\u00f5jutada h\u00e4\u00e4letamistulemusi valimistel antud h\u00e4\u00e4lte arvulisel jaotumisel. Ainu\u00fcksi valimistulemuste h\u00e4\u00e4lte jagunemise arvulise \u00f5igsuse osas on kaebuse esitajal kui valimistel osaleval erakonnal p\u00f5hjendatud huvi ning seet\u00f5ttu rikuvad vaidlustatud toimingud kaebuse esitaja subjektiivset \u00f5igust teada endale ja teistele valimistel osalenutele antud t\u00e4pset h\u00e4\u00e4lte arvu.<\/p>\n

3.6. Seega rikuvad vaidlustatud toimingud kaebuse esitaja subjektiivset \u00f5igust saada oma nimekirjas kandideerivate liikmete kaudu mandaate vastavalt \u00f5igusp\u00e4rastele valimistulemustele.<\/p>\n

3.7. Kuna VVK 24. m\u00e4rtsi 2011 vaidlustatud toimingust n\u00e4htub, et VVK on sisuliselt tunnistanud e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamisel antud h\u00e4\u00e4led n\u00f5uetekohaseks vaatamata sellele, et h\u00e4\u00e4letamise k\u00e4igus ilmnes valijarakenduse t\u00f6\u00f6s olulisi puudusi, siis rikub VVK vaidlustatud toiming kaebuse esitaja \u00f5igusi, sest Riigikogu valimistel oma nimekirjaga osaleval erakonnal on subjektiivne \u00f5igus olla valitud l\u00e4bi demokraatlike valimiste, mille l\u00e4biviimisel on t\u00e4idetud seadusest tulenevaid n\u00f5udeid.<\/p>\n

3.8. Kuni 24. m\u00e4rtsini 2011 puudus avalikkusel, s.h ka kaebuse esitajal mis tahes informatsioon selle kohta, kas peale ilmnenud puudusi seoses e-h\u00e4\u00e4letamisega kuulutatakse valimistulemused v\u00e4lja v\u00f5i need t\u00fchistatakse, siis on k\u00e4esolev kaebus esitatud PSJKS \u00a7 38 lg-s 1 s\u00e4testatud t\u00e4htaega j\u00e4rgides.<\/p>\n

L\u00e4htudes \u00fclaltoodust ning juhindudes RKVS \u00a7 1 lg 2, \u00a7 44 lg 5 ja \u00a7 72 lg 1, PSJKS \u00a7 37 lg 1, \u00a7 38 lg 1 ja \u00a7 42 lg 2, 7 (7)<\/p>\n

p a l u n : <\/strong><\/p>\n

1. MT\u00dc Eesti Keskerakond kaebus rahuldada; <\/strong><\/p>\n

2. Tunnistada seadusvastaseks Vabariigi Valimiskomisjoni 24. m\u00e4rtsi 2011 toiming, millega Vabariigi Valimiskomisjon registreeris XII Riigikogu liikmed ja asendusliikmete nimekirja; <\/strong><\/p>\n

3. Tunnistada 2011. aasta Riigikogu valimiste h\u00e4\u00e4letamistulemus Eesti Vabariigis kehtetuks. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Lugupidamisega<\/p>\n

Priit Toobal<\/p>\n

MT\u00dc Eesti Keskerakond volitatud esindaja<\/p>\n

\/allkirjastatud digitaalallkirjaga\/ <\/em><\/p>\n

Andres Hiie<\/p>\n

MT\u00dc Eesti Keskerakond volitatud esindaja<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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